Iconicity of Sequence in Temporal Adjuncts in Academic Prose
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v10i2.2105Keywords:
academic prose, applied linguistics, iconicity of sequence, temporal adjunctsAbstract
This study tested a statistically significant relationship between the pragmatic principle concerning iconicity of sequence and temporal adjuncts. While previous studies focused on the qualitative studies of temporal adjuncts with the textual analysis of English for everyday use, such as cookbooks and novels in English, this study contributed to the field by examining reputable international journal writers pragmatic competence concerning iconicity of sequence in temporal adjuncts. The data was collected from reputable international applied linguistics research articles in English published in System and English for Specific Purposes. They were published from 2023 to 2025. The data in the study were 30 applied linguistics research articles. They had 236 tokens of temporal adjuncts to study the pragmatic principle concerning iconicity of sequence. The data was analyzed by the inferential statistical program called SPSS version 29 via Pearson Correlation. The results of the study clearly showed a statistically significant relationship between iconicity of sequence and temporal adjuncts from reputable international journal writers. The p-value was reported at 0.02. It was concluded that the reputable international writers in the fields of applied linguistics had pragmatic competence concerning iconicity of sequence.References
Aizawa, I. (2024). Tracking the first-year experience in English medium instruction: A pre-post study of transitional challenges. English for Specific Purposes, 73, 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2023.09.002
Algeo, J. (2006). British or American English?: A handbook of word and grammar patterns. Cambridge University Press.
Al-Jarrah, H., & Ismail, N. S. B. (2018). Reading comprehension difficulties among EFL learners in higher learning institutions. International Journal of English Linguistics, 8(7), 32-41. DOI:10.5539/ijel.v8n7p32
Anthony, L. (2018). Introducing English for specific purposes. Routledge.
Aprilia, F., et al. (2020). The effect of reading interest and achievement motivation on students' discourse analysis competence. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 7(4), 368-372. DOI:10.20448/journal.509.2020.74.368.372
Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2012). Register, genre and style. Cambridge University Press.
Birley, G., & Moreland, N. (2014). A practical guide to academic research. Routledge.
Chuenchaichon, Y. (2022). An error analysis of written English paragraphs at lexical, syntactic, and paragraph levels made by Thai EFL Non-English Major Students. 3L: Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 28(2), 96- 120. doi 10.17576/3L-2022-2802-07
Chomsky, N. (2011). The Essential Chomsky. New Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sake Publications.
Cronk, B. C. (2024). How to use SPSS: A step-by-step guide to analysis and interpretation. Routledge.
Culicover, P. W. (2005). Linguistics, cognitive science, and all that jazz. The Linguistics Review, 22, 227-248.
Durrant, P., et al. (2020). Syntactic development across genres in children's writing: The case of adverbial clauses. Journal of Writing Research, 12(2), 419-452.
Fromkin, V. (2018). An introduction to language. Cengage.
Grice, P. (1975). Logic and conservation. Harvard University Press
Ji, S. (2010). The iconicity assumption and the functional distribution of English temporal adverbial clauses: A textual perspective. Journal of pragmatics, 42(12), 3163-3171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2010.07.009
Johnstone, B., & Andrus, J. (2024). Discourse analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Havery, C. (2024). Learning to read patient notes in the workplace: How reading aloud and reading alongside can help students for whom English is an additional language. English for Specific Purposes, 75, 69-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2024.04.003
Illowsky, B., & Dean, S. (2017). Introductory statistics. Media Services.
Kearns, K. (2011). Semantics. Palgrave.
Lam, K. Y., & Putri, E. W. (2024). A study on the affordances of digital fairy-tale rewriting: A critical literacy approach to digital multimodal composing, System, 127, 103536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103536
Levinson, J. (1983). Pragmatics. Cambridge University Press.
Moon, H., Chung, Y., & Randolph, A. W. (2025). Teaching and learning languages with Chat GPT: Challenges and opportunities in multilingual classrooms in higher education. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 10(1), 207-223. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.210 93/ijeltal.v10i1.1991
Murphy, R. (2019). English grammar in use. Cambridge University Press.
Plonsky, L. (2024). Studies in second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
Radford, A. (2023). Analysing English sentence structure: An intermediate course in syntax. Cambridge University Press.
Rasinger, S. M. (2013). Quantitative research in linguistics: An introduction. A&C Black.
Rezaee, A. A., & Golparvar, S. E. (2016). The sequencing of adverbial clauses of time in academic English: Random Forest modelling. Journal of Language Modelling, 4(2), 225-244. https://doi.org/10.15398/jlm.v4i2.131
Robert, I. (2023). Beginning Syntax. Cambridge University Press.
Swan, M. (2015). Practical English usage. Oxford University Press.
Sword, H. (2011). Stylish academic writing. Harvard University Press.
Smolka, V. (2017). What comes first, what comes next: Information packaging in written and spoken language. Acta Universitatis Carolinae Philologica, 1(1), 51-61.
Sumardi, A., & Said, M. (2021). Adjective clauses and adverbial clauses in the Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett. Journal of English Language Teaching, 3(1), 39-46. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/inference.v3i1.6008
Trofimovich, P., et. al. (2025). Exploring the linguistic signature of interpersonal liking in second language interaction. System, 129, 103565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103565
Wongkittiporn, A. (2025). Form, function and genre. Chulalongkorn University Press.
Wongkittiporn, A. (2021). Adverbial clauses in English cookbooks. Thoughts, 1, 72-104.
Wongkittiporn, A. (2023). Pragmatic aspects of temporal adverbial clauses in English novels. Journal of MCU Humanities Review, 9(1), 329-342.
Wongkittiporn, A. (2024). Pragmatic discourse of givenness through A-movement constructions of Thai EFL Learners. Indonesian Journal of English Language
Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 9(1), 107-119. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal. v9i1.1670
You, X., & You, X. (2025). Genre learning from the EAP class to undergraduate research symposiums. English for Specific Purposes, 77, 86-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2024.10.004
Zaragoza, N. E. M., Tula, A. T., & Corona, L. H. (2024). Artificial intelligence in thesis writing: exploring the role of advanced grammar checkers (grammarly).
